备忘录GoPuff 和基本

当零售商推出自有品牌时,意味着他们已经达到了临界质量。根据Placer.ai的数据,Gopuff 推出 "Basically "可谓恰逢其时。

通过观察那些正在积极扩张店铺的公司,我们可以对零售业和现代消费者的现状有很多了解。Placer.ai的最新数据显示,2022 年十大零售商的扩张计划值得关注。这份榜单包括快餐连锁店、一元店分拆和店中店合作,证实了当今顾客在有理由光顾实体店时会被吸引到实体店,而最了解当前消费趋势的公司才能提供最好的服务:最能体现这一趋势的公司是那些最了解当前消费趋势的公司:DTC、分叉、即时配送和便利性。

榜单中最引人注目的是 Gopuff,该公司在建立了以超快送货为基础的业务后,将其一些微型配送网站变成了客户网点。据路透社报道,Gopuff 已聘请银行帮助其上市,估值接近 150 亿美元,预计将于今年首次公开募股。实体店可以把顾客带到配送点,缩短工人把商品送到顾客家中的时间,从而使 Gopuff 的配送速度更快。这些商店不是典型的便利店,而是订货中心,顾客使用数字亭下订单,然后由仓库发货。为了推动这一全渠道战略,GoPuff 通过抢地盘的方式收购了多家公司,目前已收购了 161 家 BevMo 商店和 23 家 Liquor Barns。

Gopuff 模式实现了 Target 等零售商试图改造其门店以达到的目标:作为订单履行中心,同时可持续地为现场和在线客户提供服务,实现无缝对接。瞬时送达数据表明,Gopuff 并没有优化 15 分钟以内的送达时间:

通过将零售业务建立在送货业务的基础上,Gopuff 已经准备好满足顾客的购物需求:在线购物、在家购物、即时送货,或者在顾客已经出门、购物更方便或希望避免额外费用的情况下亲自购物。

通过外卖和实体零售让顾客养成 Gopuff 的习惯,将使这家成立九年的公司独树一帜。随着 Basically(Gopuff 的自有品牌)的推出,以及只有 DoorDash 的 Dashmart 才能在功能上与之相媲美的店内模式,Gopuff 可以证明自己为何能在未来几年引领便利外卖市场。根据 YipitData 的数据,截至目前,DoorDash 以 45% 的份额领先于 Gopuff 的 23%。Instacart和Uber的市场份额分别为16%和15%。

这可能是,也应该是,给那些慢慢转向送货上门的杂货店和连锁便利店敲响了警钟。摘自 Grocery Dive:

Gopuff 几乎不是第一家进军实体店的在线零售商,它是亚马逊(Amazon)等大型公司和 Warby Parker 等小众公司中的一员。这凸显了实体店和点击对于公司零售战略的重要性,即使大流行病促进了网上购物。但是,在杂货店和便利店中,为店内购物者提供严格的数字订购模式是独一无二的,而且可能被证明是对购物者对便利性和商店体验期望的一次有益测试。

值得关注的不仅仅是 Gopuff 的实体零售战略。

DTC 品牌是新的商场品牌。 Placer.ai 还列出了 Warby Parker 和 Allbirds,这两家公司都是去年上市的。增加门店是这两个 DTC 品牌计划中不可或缺的一部分,因为它们是巨大的赚钱工具,同时在门店和网上购物的顾客比只在网上购物的顾客消费更多。在上周关于 Glossier、Skims 和 Savage x Fenty 的会员简报中,我解释了这一点:

商场需要他们,他们通过精明的营销和人们想要购买的产品,有效地建立了热情的顾客群。

这同样适用于 Allbirds 和 Warby,它们代表了商场零售业的未来:它们在网上拥有足够多的追随者,顾客会主动找上门来,而且它们都在努力建立足够的全国零售网络,让现有消费者能够更冲动地购买(自有零售的好处之一)。此外,它们还能以更低的成本获得顾客,因为新顾客是通过更有效的渠道认识它们的。

美容是销售的驱动力,但仅限于某些零售商。Ulta 和丝芙兰垄断了店内的美妆产品,损害了百货公司的利益。那些赢得了它们生意的零售商则从它们作为美妆爱好者零售目的地的地位中获益。Placer.ai 发现,在科尔(Kohl's)百货公司内设有丝芙兰专卖店的店铺比没有丝芙兰专卖店的店铺吸引了更多的人流。塔吉特(Target)在与 Ulta 建立了成功的合作关系后,正在扩大合作范围。更有趣的是在线领域的发展,这让 Glossier 感到非常失望

请注意,在美容领域,人们的偏好已经从品牌电子商务转向了市场电子商务。随着丝芙兰(Sephora)、Ulta 和沃尔玛(Walmart)等公司的电商业务不断增长,Glossier 也避免了与它们的合作(包括店内和数字营销)。沃尔玛在过去的 12 个月里招募了近 100 个美容品牌,Ulta 与 Target 合作,而丝芙兰则在 Kohl's 内。

零售商正在追随消费者的分化。 Placer.ai 名单上的两个品牌 Arhaus 和 pOpshelf 反映了消费者持续分化的趋势。家具品牌 Arhaus 瞄准高收入家庭,尤其是郊区的高收入家庭,作为 RH 的替代品,迄今已开设了 70 家门店和展厅。与此同时,pOpshelf 是 Dollar General 的衍生品牌,旨在吸引更富裕、更年轻的郊区购物者,这些人对 Dollar General 不屑一顾,但对 TJ Maxx 等商店的寻宝式购物体验情有独钟。

底线是什么?随着在线业务不强、品牌相关性较低的零售商收缩版图,过度扩张的零售商仍在进行 "权利调整"。等待它们的将是一类更贴近当今消费者的新型零售商,它们的首要竞争优势是店面的数字化创新和全渠道的知名度。

互联网重塑了阶级和富裕阶层的购物方式。Placer.ai 的数据显示,电子商务对零售地产的影响似乎有多大。

作者:Web Smith | 编辑:Hilary Milnes,美术:Alex Remy 和 Christina Williams 

备忘录Shopify、履约和颠覆

这与其说是一个关于 Shopify 的故事,不如说是一个关于供应链中断和公司风险承受能力评估的故事。现在,物流和履约是需要公司全神贯注、严加管教的领域之一。亚马逊可以做到,而 Shopify 却做不到。

Shopify 的履约网络及其在履约游戏中与亚马逊竞争的雄心遭遇挫折。Shopify 正在将其仓库和履约合作伙伴网络缩减一半左右。上周,在一位现有的合作伙伴向 2PM 通报了即将发生的变化之后,我们得知了这一缩减战略的计划。他指出"任何使用定制包装、做批发或配套的商家都不会得到新产品的服务"。Insider 最近的一篇报道正式宣布了这一消息。

此举表明,Shopify 认为自己在更大的零售业格局中处于有利地位。长期以来,Shopify 的目标一直是建立一支 "反叛军",与亚马逊的大型机器相抗衡。作为一场零售运动,Shopify 在过去一年中取得了不俗的成绩。品牌利用它来启动和建立自己的业务,该公司已成为直接面向消费者的零售业的代名词。它将自己定位为 "反亚马逊"(anti-Amazon),这一市场定位对它很有帮助。但在某些领域,亚马逊的护城河提供了不可否认的优势。

在最好的时候,零售物流也是一项艰巨的任务。过去的一年是最糟糕的一年。供应链中断比 2020 年增加了 88%,其中 47% 的中断影响到 Shopify 的主要市场美国。我们提供了以下数据:

 

12 月 27 日,我们写道

虽然 Shopify 现在占据优势,但亚马逊的履约系统网络正迅速成为必不可少的。Shopify 的劲敌,最终可能会成为它最需要的合作伙伴。

即使拥有世界一流的软件,Shopify 也无法承受航运业日益增长的复杂性。为什么?因为这是一个需要人力和车辆的行业。软件可以优化人力,但不能取代人力。有一些规则和外部力量决定着运输、交付和退货的状态,即使是最好的软件也无法覆盖这些规则和力量。当混乱成为支配者时,就需要装备精良的机器。亚马逊就是这样的机器。它建立了一个业务和护城河,旨在即使在最糟糕的时期也能保持最佳性能。同样来自十二月

通过多年的投资,亚马逊已经建立了自己的货运机队,并正在租赁飞机,同时在辛辛那提开设了一个航空枢纽,以避免在假日购物季的这个阶段开始困扰其他零售商的缺货问题。亚马逊以各种方式拓展业务,但其优势不再仅仅是产品和数字驱动。

根据 Insider 的报道和内部人士的报告,Shopify Fulfillment Network 已濒临破产。该公司正在关注第三方收购。它可能会重新调整,缩小仓储面积,并更加关注电子商务最大的痛点之一:退货。现在,对于 Shopify 来说,退货可能不再是一个庞大的履行网络的一部分,而是一个更精简、软件驱动型运营的卖点。

退货是零售业的现代难题之一,使用功能更强的软件可以大大改善这一问题。在 退货后市场我们认为,只要有足够的退货量,退货市场就能蓬勃发展。但首先,Shopify 或像 Loop 这样的 Shopify 合作伙伴需要成为退货管理的实际解决方案。以下是该报告的相关片段:

在分析了数十家仓储企业并采访了无数业主之后,有一点变得很清楚:在这个并不光彩的行业中,隐藏着一个优雅的市场机会。最近,在与一位顶级独立第三方物流公司首席执行官的讨论中,他说道

"除了我们最大的两个客户使用 Loop 外,其余的客户都使用我们的 WMS/OMS 系统来促进他们的退货。我们去年的销售额为 1.5 亿美元,只是杯水车薪。但现在,我们为之发货的客户都没有使用 Shopify 的内部系统来简化流程。

Shopify 在履约方面的挫折提醒我们,为什么亚马逊是罕见的全栈零售商:营销、搜索、购买、发货、退货。这一战略转变为 Shopify 提供了一个机会,使其能够更好地把握下一步行动,而不是作为亚马逊的替代者,而是其潜在的合作伙伴。在 12 月份彭博社关于 Tobi Lutke 领导风格的专题报道中,亚马逊的一位前高管引用了这句话:"Shopify让我们看起来像个傻瓜"。这种反应是短视的。零售商一打一打地购买集装箱,他们正在新建 50 万平方英尺的履约设施,或者直接租用整艘集装箱船。物流现在是一个要么全有要么全无的命题,很少有人能比亚马逊更能体现这一新的现实,Shopify 在这一点上应该与亚马逊合作。最后,我们对彭博社的这篇报道提出了不同的看法:

虽然 Shopify 现在占据优势,但亚马逊的履约系统网络正迅速成为必不可少的。Shopify 的劲敌,最终可能会成为它最需要的合作伙伴。

每个人的生活中都需要一个敌人

作者:Web Smith | 编辑:Hilary Milnes | 艺术:Christina Williams 

备忘录重新审视中国战略

This is a continuation of the original essay: The China Strategy (2018)

At 8 am on May 10, 2003, Taobao went online on the fourth day of the SARS quarantine. The homepage read: “Think of those who start a business in trying times.” Nineteen years later, and China’s online retail economy is the envy of the world. Currently with a nearly 37% online penetration and growing, analysts estimate that rate will reach 63.9% by 2023. It’s evident that online retailers like Alibaba, which owns Taobao, used the crisis to move China into eCommerce leadership that then belonged to the United States. China owes its eCommerce dominance to Alibaba, but its future may be with JD.com. This as the U.S. Government is becoming increasingly adversarial with Alibaba.

Shopify’s next geographical ploy isn’t in the early-stage metaverse, it’s in the late-stage region that’s been trickiest for America’s modern brands to find success. Context is necessary. In 2017, Alibaba wanted to partner with digitally-native brands, so it thought like Amazon and went on a public relations campaign to attract American retailers to the marketplace. I sat in a Detroit conference center as a guest of Alibaba when a charismatic Jack Ma stood on stage wooing middle America’s small businesses. He’d later say, “Alibaba’s existed for 18 years, and we are so influential in China–but nobody in America knows about us.” And he was right, even after Alibaba’s record-setting IPO in 2014.

The same year, JD tried to appeal to the same country but with a slightly different market: It invested $397 million in Farfetch to bring American luxury to China. It fizzled. In 2020, Farfetch revised its strategy and ended up partnering with Alibaba and Richemont in a deal structure that far exceeded the original JD partnership.

Alibaba CEO Daniel Zhang was quoted saying at the time:

This highly complementary partnership brings together some of the world’s leading luxury retail and technology platforms, representing another milestone in Alibaba’s strategy to meet the rapidly growing demand for luxury products in China. The Chinese luxury market — which is expected to account for half of global luxury sales by 2025 — consists of hundreds of millions of young, digitally native consumers.

Over the past two years, JD and Alibaba retooled their approaches to gain traction with America’s direct-to-consumer brands. Alibaba homed in on the luxury market and poached Farfetch from JD. Now, JD has made its counter move. It is teaming with Shopify, the leader in online merchant services for modern retailers by GMV (and potential). They’ve essentially switched strategies: one traveled from middle America up market and the other traveled down market in its focus on the American middle. It’s rare that JD outmaneuvers its larger Chinese rival; here it has its second chance to try.

This is take two for JD and it’s counting on Shopify’s direct relationship with a growing number of smaller brands. The Chinese mainland is perhaps the most coveted audience for North American retailers today but without a high level of sophistication and relationship development, it’s close to impossible for American merchants to market their products to the largest eCommerce audience in the world. GlobalData estimates that China’s online retail economy is more than double that of the United States:

According to GlobalData’s E-Commerce Analytics, e-commerce sales in China grew at a CAGR of 17.7% between 2017 and 2021 to reach the value of CNY13.8 trillion (US$2.1 trillion) in 2021.

Shopify found a way to help its merchants reach those trillions of CNY. It’s joining Chinese marketplace JD.com, and not Alibaba, in a partnership that portends to help its merchants succeed in a market that will be worth $3.3 trillion by 2025.

The deal is a win for both sides. Shopify’s business soared during the pandemic, and unearthing new areas of growth for its merchants is key to Shopify’s next level-up. Cross-border commerce is a logistical hurdle for many small and medium sized brands as they attempt global expansion. Shopify, which wants to be the internet toolbox for online sellers, will gain a competitive advantage by helping its brands make the jump to new markets.

In 2018, 2PM predicted that China would become the next growth market for DTC brands otherwise facing climbing customer acquisition costs. As believed then, the brands that could successfully go-to-market in China would be the haves; the rest will be the have nots.

Chinese eCommerce is a worthwhile investment for well-prepared DNVBs. McKinsey&Company estimates that by 2025, Chinese shoppers will account for nearly 45% of global luxury spending. This translates to “7.6 million Chinese households will represent RMB 1 trillion in global luxury sales, an amount that is double that of 2016, and equivalent to the size in 2016 of the French, Italian, Japanese, UK, and US markets combined,” according to the consultancy.

The Shopify x JD partnership levels the playing field, to be a part of the “haves” be a part of Shopify, or so the theory goes. It is now a conduit to the largest market and JD is now a pathway to bringing more products from East to West. As part of the partnership, JD.com will set up an accelerated channel for Shopify brands that will narrow the onboarding window from 12 months to three to four weeks. JD will handle logistics including warehousing and deliveries for the US brands.

For JD, Shopify is a coup considering that $SHOP’s current link to China is through Alipay, the financial wallet powered by Alibaba-affiliate Ant Group. That deal will likely go sour.

The Chinese government has set a target to increase national online retail sales by around 44% between 2021 and 2025. JD, Alibaba, and now Shopify will be a key part of that push. There are risks. Even with the support of Shopify and JD.com, business in China needs to be closely managed to tailor marketing, messaging, and even inventory selection to appeal to the region. In this way, there is only so much that a platform can do to facilitate opportunity for its brand partners. Shopify’s global success here will depend on the individual successes of the brands themselves. This is in line with Lütke’s philosophy who doesn’t love to play the king maker.

作者:Web Smith | 编辑:Hilary Milnes | 艺术:Alex Remy 和 Christina Williams