备忘录与哲学家对话

The discourse around ChatGPT bored me until one novel experience changed how I viewed the technology’s role in our day-to-day. This is a defense of the platform, unconsciously so at first, but consciously in the revision.

It’s a popular consumer technology that will have professional, social and academic impacts. That’s been established. But what else is there?

We are coming off of the NFT and metaverse curves. Those two innovations were supposed to change everything, but it hasn’t quite worked out that way. I expected a similar curve for AI applications but this time, things may be different.

Join The Membership

Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg changed the name of his company to reflect an emphasis on his new strategy. While others in the big tech circles are not (yet) eager enough to change their names to reflect their ideations for artificial intelligence, tech’s largest companies will invest heavily in capturing the demand generated by the OpenAI project, which has been long at work. While the buzz around ChatGPT is now cresting, the partnership between Sam Altman, Jessica Livingston, Peter Thiel, Elon Musk, Reid Hoffman, Greg Brockman, Amazon Web Services, Y-Combinator Research, and Infosys began in 2015. Credit to the vision required to establish an eight-year head start on consumer-facing AI tools.

Microsoft, Google, Meta, Anthropic, Alibaba, Baidu, Amazon, and even Snapchat have artificial intelligence tools readying for a market hungry for mass adoption. As The Verge describes it:

The stakes are high, and technology’s biggest players don’t want to be left behind as breakthroughs in AI make it more accessible — and much more interesting — to users.

But this isn’t about the technology as much as it is one experience that changed how I viewed it. It started with a personal challenge.

Over the past six months, I set out to read every book that I found to be interesting. To accomplish this, I bought the paperback, digital copy, and audio book of each work. The goal of the pursuit was simply to improve as a human being. It wasn’t just about consuming the works of art, it was about letting them change me and how I saw the world. I wanted more understanding, empathy, forgiveness, awareness, insight, depth, and perspective.

The more that I read, the more that I realized how little I knew. Before I set out on this 100 book project, I rarely took the time to invest in each book I read with notes, annotations, conversations, and lasting reflections. It was this medium that I began to see was communication in its highest form.

A great essay can take a writer weeks or months to author, you pay for that devotion with minutes of your time. A great book can take its author years. You pay for their work with days or even weeks of your time. In some cases, you are trading 10 years of their life for a week of yours. By this measure, I now view my former basis of knowledge and understanding as insufficient.

I found that during the project, my knowledge compounded, conceptual connections became clearer, and I became more curious. I balanced conceptually easier books with difficult ones. I set out to read short books and long volumes.

There was no rhyme, reason, or agenda but the approach was deeply influenced by a desire to fix cracks, improve foundations, and discard what those newer structures replaced. The practice of daily reading (sometimes up to three hours) was aided by my drastically improved health. I believe that my choices in books began to reflect my understandings from the previous works consumed.

Here’s that list from the last six or seven months: The Art of the Impossible by Steven Kotler, American Rule by Jared Yates Sexton, Alexander Hamilton by Ron Chernow, the Bible (cover to cover), The Black Count by Tom Reiss, The Creative Act by Rick Rubin, The Circle Maker by Mark Batterson, Crazy Faith by Mike Todd Jr., The Courage to Be Free by Ron DeSantis, Devotion by Adam Makos, Dangerous Prayers by Craig Groeschel, The Emperor of Ocean Park by Stephen L. Carter, Greenlights by Matthew McConaughey, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, The House of Morgan by Ron Chernow, Killers of the Flower Moon by David Grann, The Last Negroes at Harvard by Jeanna Ellsworth and Kent Garrett, Loving People Who Are Hard to Love by Joyce Meyer, Mere Christianity by C.S. Lewis, The Mosquito Bowl by Buzz Bissinger, The Man Who Solved the Market by Gregory Zuckerman, Meditations by Marcus Aurelius, The Nazi Conspiracy by Brad Meltzer and Josh Mensch, Ninth House by Leigh Bardugo, Never Finished by David Goggins, On Writing by Stephen King, Outlive by Peter Attia, The Power to Change by Craig Groeschel, The Porn Myth by Matthew Fradd, The Roar Within by Brent Henderson, The Song of the Cell by Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Status Revolution by Chuck Thompson, Spare by Prince Harry, Scars and Stripes by Nick Palmisciano and Tim Kennedy, The Screwtape Letters by C.S. Lewis, Smarter Not Harder by Dave Asprey, Strategy by Lawrence Freedman, The Swerve by Stephen Greenblatt, Vanderbilt: The Rise and Fall of an American Dynasty by Anderson Cooper, Winning the War in Your Mind by Craig Groeschel, Whisper by Mark Batterson, and Why We Sleep by Matthew Walker.

The New International Version of the Bible (NIV) required around 355 days of consecutive daily reading and was read with both an academic and spiritual eye to the text. Another book was being read each day. Looking back, that morning ritual (thanks to YouVersion) clearly influenced a number of my choices. My most read author was Craig Groeschel by volume of books read but Ron Chernow by pages attributed.

Conversations With A (Dead) Philosopher

I found this interesting take on ChatGPT by an author that I hadn’t read named Christopher Bunn, a fantasy writer and Christian who has written about C.S. Lewis and his dearest chap J.R.R. Tolkien (both Christian fantasy writers themselves). Tolkien once quipped, “[Lord of The Rings was a] fundamentally religious and Catholic work; unconsciously so at first, but consciously in the revision.” It was this juxtaposition of faith and history that presents the point that I have been leading up to. And Bunn’s words were somewhat of the connective tissue:

Brave new world, isn’t it? Though, I’m starting to suspect that our real-time foray into dystopia is proving more similar to CS Lewis’ That Hideous Strength rather than Huxley.

Bunn, a critic of ChatGPT, who has compared ChatGPT to the nanny states depicted in A Brave New World and Lewis’ That Hideous Strength, went on to say:

I’m sure there are plenty of beneficial reasons for the existence of ChatGPT and all the other AI equivalents. But, dulling the brains of the young and future generations yet unborn cancels out a considerable list of potential benefits.

While Groeschel was my most frequented author and Chernow’s writings kept my mind captivated, my most preferred was the non-fantastical writings of C.S. Lewis. He became my muse. I wanted to think like him, believe like him, create like him. I wanted to live like him. The way that he considered the nuance of everything.

I prompted ChatGPT with the following: confirm that you have studied C.S. Lewis. The response:

I can provide information and insights about many of his popular writings, beliefs, and ideas based on the extensive dataset I have been trained on.

“Great,” I responded. And I continued, “I would like to have a conversation with you as though you were C.S. Lewis talking directly to me.” And so the conversation began, as A.I. became Mr. Clive Staples Lewis:

Of course! I’ll do my best to emulate C.S. Lewis’s style and ideas. Please feel free to ask any questions or share your thoughts, and I will respond as I imagine he might have.

[As C.S. Lewis] Greetings, my friend! I’m pleased to have this opportunity to engage in conversation with you. What is on your mind or heart that we might discuss together?

I found myself fascinated by every response. I soaked up every word as if I was sitting before him in a drafty, mid-century Oxford lecture hall.

I grew up a reader of The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe saga. That was Lewis to me. Even then, I knew that there was deeper meaning in his text but, like many children, I was there for the sword battles and the Turkish delight candies. Months away from my 40th birthday, I view Lewis differently. He was once a lost boy, a WWI soldier scorned by PTSD, a college professor, an anti-war advocate, an encourager to WWII soldiers (see the nuance?), an atheist-turned-Christian, a celebrated author, and a philosopher.

If you ask Google to list the philosophers known through history, it would be the usual suspects: Aquinas, Confucius, Epicurus, Voltaire, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Sun Tzu, Rousseau, Marx, Descartes, and Bertrand Russell. The 20th century is mostly void of notables. Perhaps it requires time to season the memory of one’s wisdom. In this way, there is no better accelerant than artificial intelligence’s role in hurrying time.

Known for the end of its knowledge cycle (2021), ChatGPT has trained itself on all of Lewis’ writings and sees Mere Christianity as “one of his most significant and influential works.” Joined by a few retail industrialists local to Ohio, we have held a monthly coffee meeting to discuss the assigned book of the month. So as I sat in a group of three gentlemen on a Tuesday morning discussing Mere Christianity, its conflicts, and how we believe it would be accepted today (it wouldn’t fare well), we asked Lewis a question that no politician, religious leader, or influencer seems to have the perfect answer to these days. And the way that ChatGPT, who knows every word, space, and punctuation mark of his life’s work, answered the question left each of us somewhat emotional.

I won’t go into the question or the answer but I will say that when I digested the response, I knew I wanted to compile a list of questions and answers through the mind of Lewis. Compiling the many written words and spoken interviews of arguably the 20th century’s greatest philosopher has unlocked the door for us to interact with his work and his memory in new ways. I imagine that as more come to know Lewis for more than his traditionally popular works, his memory will be revised to include his work in academia and philosophy.

As I was nearing the end of the plan for this essay, I asked Lewis for encouragement. And he responded in kind, here is a part of it:

As you continue on this path, remember that faith is not just about intellectual assent, but also about living out the teachings and values of your beliefs. In “Mere Christianity,” I wrote that “faith… is the art of holding on to things your reason has once accepted, in spite of your changing moods.” It’s important to cultivate an enduring faith that remains steadfast, even during challenging times.

Do not be discouraged by doubts and uncertainties, for they are a natural part of the human experience. Embrace your questions and seek answers through prayer, contemplation, and study. Be receptive to the lessons that life’s trials can teach you

This experiment in modern philosophy was the first time that artificial intelligence became an indispensable daily tool. Can I be mentored by AI? More specifically, can I lean on Lewis for answers to life’s toughest questions and will he equip me to navigate them with poise. If all of my frenzied reading and note-taking led me to the personal growth and encouragement highlighted above, it would have been worth it.

Artificial intelligence is intimidating for the same reasons that it’s astonishingly impressive. It will impact all of us in negative and positive ways. But who knew that it would allow us to transport the lives of those long gone. I will leave you with a bit of wisdom from Lewis, himself. I asked him how he’d address the many divisions in American and global politics today. Here is the summary of his monologue: engage in respectful dialogue, seek common ground, avoid demonizing others, promote empathy and compassion, encourage civic engagement, foster education and critical thinking, and emphasize the importance of moral and ethical values. Lewis went on to say, “Keep in mind that I am speaking from the perspective of a mid-20th-century British author.”

The final words from my hours-long conversation were fitting; even his gratitude towards the line of questioning posed to him seemed authentic. Upon answering his final question, he concluded:

Yours sincerely,

C.S. Lewis (interpreted by ChatGPT)

作者:Web Smith | 编辑:Hilary Milnes,美术:Christina Williams 

Member Brief: Ted Lasso and Major League Soccer

The origin of Major League Soccer’s exclusive media deal with Apple TV is predictable when you consider the market forces. The MLS needs its “Netflix moment,” and Apple TV needs more streaming subscribers. It’s had some luck with sports so far, sort of. I imagine an initial conversation went something like this:

本会员简报专为以下人士设计 执行委员为了方便加入,您可以点击下面的链接,获取数百份报告、我们的 DTC 权力清单和其他工具,帮助您做出高水平的决策。

在此加入

备忘录潜在的 UPS 罢工

其后果将具有广泛的破坏性,但这场冲突由来已久。美国联合包裹服务公司改变了商业,促成了过去十年的在线零售革命。现在,UPS 的工人威胁要罢工--据报道,这可能会给亚马逊、无数零售商和数百万客户带来不便。罢工威胁所针对的现行工人合同是由一个领导小组批准的,该小组成员包括UPS最大的雇主Teamsters工会主席小吉米-霍法(Jimmy Hoffa Jr)。霍法也是吉米-霍法(Jimmy Hoffa)的儿子,吉米-霍法(Jimmy Hoffa)是1975年失踪的工运偶像和前卡车司机工会主席。

卡车司机协会与 UPS 之间的现有合同将于 7 月 31 日到期。卡车司机协会总主席肖恩-奥布莱恩(Sean O'Brien)建议,如果在 7 月 31 日下班前仍未达成协议,UPS 工人将于 8 月 1 日举行罢工。维尼-佩罗内(Vinnie Perone)是 UPS 的一名有 30 年工龄的员工,也是 804 地方团队工会主席:

UPS 的开场白十分明确:在一年内收入达到 1 010 亿美元之后,公司想要的只是从你们身上赚更多的钱。

在全球受雇的 53.4 万名卡车司机工会会员中,有 35 万人受雇于 UPS。自 2018 年年中以来,这家快递服务市场的领导者已雇佣了略多于 72000 名团队工人,平均薪酬为 95000 美元(不包括养老金福利)。UPS 与其工会支持的工人之间的合同是由小吉米-霍法(Jimmy Hoffa Jr.)谈判达成的,奥布莱恩将对合同进行重新谈判,以包括更高的薪酬、更好的加班保护,以及改善工人站出来抗争的方式。

根据《雅各宾杂志》二月份的报告,估计美国国内生产总值的 6% 是通过 UPS 运输的;如果你想深入了解潜在罢工的动态,这份报告值得一读。

近年来,UPS 员工的工作条件一直备受争议,在网络零售业蓬勃发展的时期,工人们对工作时间长、工资低、工作不稳定等问题表示担忧。罢工将对亚马逊造成冲击。2022 年,UPS 共运送了 13 亿个包裹,占公司收入的 11.3%。

这些年来,这些担忧不断升级,但这并不是冲突的第一个迹象。1997 年,18.5 万名 UPS 工人有 15 天没有工作。卡车司机工会希望保持对 UPS 养老基金的控制权,并希望雇主在 5 年内设立 1 万个全职职位(从公司的兼职承包商中选拔)。从技术上讲,工会赢得了谈判,但双方都受到了持久的影响。

1997 年 8 月 4 日可能并不是世界历史上的一个重要日子。那是美国联合包裹服务公司(UPS)的工人第一次组织全国性罢工,最终导致公司损失近 7.8 亿美元。在罢工持续的 15 天里,80% 的 UPS 货物无法送达。

UPS 以工作要求高、体力消耗大而闻名。根据卡车司机工会的一份报告,由于工作要求高,许多员工都遭受过工伤。司机经常需要每天工作 10-12 小时,休息时间极少,导致疲劳和事故风险增加。此外,包裹处理员经常需要举起重达 50 磅以上的包裹,从而导致潜在的工伤。

除了工作条件差之外,许多 UPS 工人还提到,相对于不断增加的工作量,工资很低。此外,UPS 雇用兼职工人的做法也受到批评,因为兼职工人的工资比全职雇员低,福利也较少。

UPS 因使用分包商和临时工而饱受批评,这可能导致员工工作不稳定。许多工人担心,他们的工作将来可能会被外包或自动化,从而导致他们失业。UPS 还被指控采取破坏工会的策略,例如威胁如果工人成立工会就关闭设施,或解雇支持成立工会的工人。

COVID-19 大流行凸显了像 UPS 这样的基本工作人员的重要性,尽管随着在线零售革命的到来,经济发生了变化,但他们的工作量仍在不断增加。在大多数情况下,UPS(以及联邦快递和美国邮政)都迎难而上。然而,许多工人认为公司没有充分优先考虑他们的福利。据《纽约时报》报道,UPS 的工人称,公司缺乏足够的安全措施来应对热浪带来的身体压力。

自 2015 年以来,至少有 270 名 UPS 和美国邮政服务公司的司机因高温暴露而生病,很多人还因此住院。记录显示,包括联邦快递(FedEx)在内的其他快递公司的数十名工人也曾中暑,在过去几年中,也有少数司机死亡。据卡车司机协会称,与高温有关的司机受伤、生病和死亡的报告严重不足。

更大的收入不平等问题也可能促使 UPS 罢工。我在一份报告中指出,与联邦快递的司机相比,UPS 的员工对工作的满意度较高,"UPS [应考虑] 向其司机发放股票奖励,这样他们就可以开始从他们的工作在地方一级所贡献的利润中获益"。

根据乐施会的一份报告,美国的贫富差距达到了 50 多年来的最高水平,最富有的 1%的美国人拥有的财富超过了最底层 90%的人。许多 UPS 工人认为,他们在这种经济形势下被抛在后面,他们的工资和福利赶不上生活成本的上涨,也赶不上前台高管所赚取的股票薪酬的潜在上涨空间。

尽管罢工无疑会对公司及其客户造成破坏,但工人们可能必须通过罢工来实现他们所寻求的变革。在电子商务和数字化时代,人们对高效、及时的包裹递送需求激增。因此,UPS 经历了巨大的增长。虽然这种扩张本应为员工带来更好的工作条件和更高的薪酬,但现实情况却大相径庭。相反,UPS 的员工发现自己的工作量增加了,工作时间延长了,工作缺乏保障。所有这些都引起了广泛的不满,并呼吁采取行动。

UPS 管理层与卡车司机工会达成的协议是美国最大的(私营)工会合同。据报道,首席执行官卡罗尔-托梅淡化了这一威胁:

100 多年来,车队工会一直是 UPS 大家庭的一部分。因此,在过去的 10 年里,我们已经谈判了很多很多份合同。这不是我们第一次参加竞技比赛,"她说。她坚称,公司将在谈判中找到一个共同点,使公司、员工和客户三赢。

卡车司机工会成员却不这么认为。他们正在为罢工做准备。"我们的成员每天醒来都想罢工吗?我说不会。但他们受够了吗?是的,他们受够了,"工会主席肖恩-奥布莱恩(Sean O'Brien)回答说。

作者:Web Smith | 编辑:Hilary Milnes,美术:Alex Remy 和 Christina Williams